Who is: Scheler in Philosophy
Franz Brentano, one of the main philosophers of the 1874th century, was the teacher of Max Scheler, one of the most important philosophers of the XNUMXth century. Scheler was born in XNUMX in Germany and stood out for his contributions to phenomenological philosophy and ethics. He is known for his original approach and his criticism of traditional philosophy. In this glossary, we will explore Scheler's life and thoughts, highlighting his main ideas and influences.
Life and Influences
Scheler was born in Munich, but spent most of his life in Cologne, where he studied philosophy, psychology and sociology. He was deeply influenced by his teacher, Franz Brentano, who introduced him to phenomenology, a philosophical approach that focuses on the direct experience and description of phenomena. Scheler was also influenced by philosophers such as Friedrich Nietzsche and Edmund Husserl.
Phenomenology and Scheler's Philosophy
Phenomenology was a philosophical current developed by Husserl, which sought to describe and analyze the direct experience of phenomena, without resorting to theories or prior assumptions. Scheler took this approach and applied it to his own philosophy, emphasizing the importance of subjective experience and intuition in understanding the world.
Values and Value Hierarchy
One of Scheler's main contributions to philosophy was his theory of values. He argued that values are fundamental to human life and that there are different types of values, such as material values, vital values and spiritual values. Scheler also developed a hierarchy of values, in which spiritual values are considered superior to material values.
Ethics and Morality
Scheler also dedicated himself to the study of ethics and morality. He argued that morality cannot be reduced to universal rules or principles, but must take into account the uniqueness of each situation. Scheler advocated an ethics based on empathy and understanding the needs and values of others. He was also critical of conventional morality, which he considered superficial and based on social conventions.
Religion and Philosophy of Religion
Scheler was also interested in religion and the philosophy of religion. He argued that religion plays a fundamental role in human life, providing meaning and moral guidance. Scheler also developed a theory of religion based on direct religious experience, which he considered more authentic than established religious doctrines.
Philosophical Anthropology
Another area of Scheler's interest was philosophical anthropology, which seeks to understand human nature and the human condition. Scheler argued that human nature is characterized by the ability to experience and value the world, as well as by freedom and moral responsibility. He also explored topics such as the relationship between body and soul and the nature of consciousness.
Contributions to Philosophy
Scheler's contributions to philosophy were significant. He developed an original and influential approach that combined elements of phenomenology, ethics, and the philosophy of religion. Scheler also influenced other philosophers, such as Martin Heidegger and Jean-Paul Sartre, who developed their own theories based on Scheler's ideas.
Legacy and Current Relevance
Scheler's legacy continues to be relevant today. His phenomenological approach and his emphasis on values and ethics have been applied in several areas, such as psychology, sociology and philosophy of mind. Furthermore, his critiques of conventional morality and his advocacy of empathy and understanding have influenced contemporary thinking about morality and ethics.
Conclusion
In summary, Max Scheler was an important philosopher of the XNUMXth century, known for his contributions to phenomenology, ethics and the philosophy of religion. His original approach and ideas influenced other philosophers and continue to be relevant today. Scheler reminds us of the importance of direct experience, values, and empathy in understanding the world and seeking an ethical and meaningful life.
