What is Absolutist Morality in Philosophy
Absolutist morality is a philosophical current that defends the existence of universal and immutable moral principles, which must be followed by all individuals, in all situations, regardless of the circumstances or consequences. This ethical view believes that there are objective and absolute moral values, which are valid in all cultures and societies.
Origins and foundations of Absolutist Morality
Absolutist morality has its roots in ancient philosophical and religious traditions such as Stoicism, Platonism, and Judaism. These schools of thought defended the existence of universal moral principles, which were considered divine or natural laws, immutable and applicable to all human beings.
One of the main foundations of absolutist morality is the belief in the existence of an objective moral order, which transcends individual opinions and social conventions. This moral order is seen as an independent reality, which can be discovered and understood through reason and observation of human nature.
Characteristics of Absolutist Morality
Absolutist morality has some distinct characteristics that differentiate it from other ethical currents. One of them is the emphasis on the universality of moral principles, that is, on the idea that these principles are valid for all human beings, in all cultures and societies.
Furthermore, absolutist morality also stands out for its inflexibility and rigidity. Absolute moral principles cannot be relativized or adapted to the specific circumstances of each situation. They must be followed unconditionally, regardless of the consequences or individual desires.
Criticisms of Absolutist Morality
Absolutist morality has been the target of various criticisms throughout the history of philosophy. One of the main criticisms is the lack of flexibility and adaptability of absolute moral principles. This rigidity can lead to situations where absolute morality conflicts with other ethical considerations, such as justice or compassion.
Another common criticism is the difficulty of determining what exactly these absolute moral principles are. Different philosophical and religious currents have different views on what universal and immutable moral values are. This lack of consensus can lead to conflicts and disputes over ethical issues.
Examples of Absolutist Morality
There are several ethical issues to which absolutist morality can be applied. A classic example is the debate over abortion. For defenders of absolutist morality, human life is an absolute and inviolable value, from the moment of conception. Therefore, abortion would be considered morally wrong in all circumstances.
Another example is the debate over the death penalty. For absolutists, human life is also an absolute value, and taking another person's life, even in cases of serious crimes, would be morally reprehensible.
Conclusion
Absolutist morality is a philosophical current that defends the existence of universal and immutable moral principles. This ethical vision believes in the existence of an objective moral order, which transcends individual opinions and social conventions. However, absolutist morality has been the target of criticism, mainly in relation to its rigidity and lack of flexibility. Despite this, this philosophical current still exerts influence and is the subject of debates and reflections in contemporary philosophy.
